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A decision analysis of the optimal initial approach to achalasia: laparoscopic Heller myotomy with partial fundoplication, thoracoscopic Heller myotomy, pneumatic dilatation, or botulinum toxin injection

LaparoscopyOptimal Initial ApproachMinimally Invasive ProcedureDecision AnalysisThoracic SurgerySurgeryMedicineBotulinum Toxin InjectionAnesthesiology