A five-year survey of onychomycosis in New Delhi, India: Epidemiological and laboratory aspects

Abstract

<b>Context: </b> The worldwide incidence of onychomycosis is increasing and it continues to spread and persist. Knowledge of the epidemiological and mycological characteristics is an important tool for control of this infection. <b> Aims:</b> This study seeks to improve knowledge of onychomycosis epidemiology and mycological features. <b> Settings and Design:</b> Over a period of five years (Jan 2000 - Dec 2005) samples from 400 patients with clinical suspected fungal nail infections, who attended dermatology out patient department at a tertiary care hospital, were obtained. <b> Materials and Methods:</b> 400 nail specimens of suspected onychomycosis were evaluated clinically, KOH examination and fungal culture was done. <b> Results:</b> Onychomycosis was present in 218 (54.5%) by culture and /or direct examination. Fingernails and toenails were infected in 65% and 32% respectively and remaining 3% had both. <b> Conclusions: </b> This study demonstrated that dermatophytes were main agents causing onychomycosis in our region, as well as the importance of performing direct examination and culture in diagnosis of onychomycosis.