Primary Utilization of Stents in Angioplasty of Superficial Femoral Artery

Abstract

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of infrainguinal arteries has been frequently reported in the literature. Independent of the technical feasibility, the results, in short-and long-term follow-up differ among published series. The objective of this article was to assess the long-term results of angioplasty in small, (<3 cm) segmental lesions of the superficial femoral artery treated with primary stenting. Eighteen patients (12 men, 6 women) with lesions of the superficial femoral artery smaller than 3 cm were selected for endovascular treatment and follow-up. The median patient age was 65 years (range, 54 to 84). The indication for treatment was intermittent claudication in 7 patients and critical ischemia (ischemic pain associated with trophic lesions) in 11 patients (62%). Of these, 13 lesions were stenoses and 5 total occlusions. The run-off was good in 15 patients who had more than 2 distal arteries and 3 had only 1 patent artery. During follow-up, all patients were observed with physical examination, progressive exercise treadmill test; pulse volume was measured with Doppler and duplex scan after 1, 3, and 6 months, and then twice a year. There was only 1 primary failure; the initial success rate was 94%. During follow-up of 40 months (6 to 70 months), only 1 patient presented with thrombosis of the stent 6 months after the procedure. There was no symptomatic restenosis in our study. One patient suffered an acute myocardial infraction after 45 months and died. The primary patency after 1 and 3 years was 88%. No patient was lost to follow-up. Primary stenting of segmental lesions (less than 3 cm) of the superficial femoral artery produced satisfactory results immediately and during long-term follow-up.