Morphological Observations on the Pathogenetic Process of Transposition of the Great Arteries Induced by Retinoic Acid in Mice

Abstract

These results suggest that a reproducible animal model of TGA can be produced in mice by treatment with retinoic acid; that there was no loop anomaly, such as an A-loop or L-loop, in our model; and that hypoplasia of the conus swellings appears to be the primary event leading to TGA.