Revisiting literature observations on photodarkening in Yb3+doped fiber considering the possible presence of Tm impurities

Abstract

Ytterbium (Yb) doped fiber lasers are known to be affected by the creation of color centers during lasing (so-called photodarkening (PD)). In a previous work, this defect creation was investigated from a spectroscopic point of view, showing the presence of traces (ppb) of thulium (Tm) in the Yb doped fiber. It was shown that Tm has a strong impact on the defect creation process involved in PD. In this paper, we compare the results from the literature with our Tm hypothesis, without finding any contradiction. Moreover, this hypothesis can be an explanation for the discrepancies in the literature.