Expression of the Receptor of Advanced Glycation End Products in the Gingival Tissue of Smokers With Generalized Periodontal Disease and After Nornicotine Induction in Primary Gingival Epithelial Cells

Abstract

The ability of nornicotine to elevate RAGE expression in GECs, along with increased RAGE expression in inflamed gingival tissue from smokers, indicates that RAGE may be associated with periodontal disease linked to smoking.