Response of fcc metals and<i>L</i>1₂and<i>D</i>0₂₂type trialuminides to uniaxial loading along [100] and [001]:<i>ab initio</i>DFT calculations

Abstract

Ab initio density-functional calculations have been used to investigate the response of the face-centred cubic (fcc) metals Al and Cu, and of the L12- and D022-type trialuminides Al3(Sc,Ti,V) to uniaxial loading along the [100] and [001] directions. The results obtained under uniaxial strains are compared to the response to biaxial (epitaxial) strains. The ideal tensile and compressive strengths and their limitation by shear instabilities along these deformation paths have been calculated. Although the response of both pure fcc metals could be expected to be very similar, our results show a fundamental difference: whereas for Cu a special invariant state with C 22 = C 23, leading to a bifurcation from the tetragonal to an orthorhombic deformation path, is reached at a strain of 10%, for Al this state is reached only at a strain of 33% close to the critical strain defining the ideal tensile strength. The reaction of the L12-type trialuminides is comparable to the response of Al; no bifurcation to an orthorhombic deformation path is predicted. The response of the D022-type trialuminides is different from that of the L12-type phases because of the difference in the stacking of the atomic planes along the [001] direction. For D022-type trialuminides, the uniaxial compression along this direction or epitaxial tension in the (001) plane leads to the formation of a stress-free D03 structure, in complete analogy to the fcc ⇆ bcc transformations observed for the pure metals. Under uniaxial [100] loading the guiding symmetry along the deformation path is orthorhombic and leads to the formation of special structures under both tension and compression parts, which are related to the D03 structure in the same way as the parent D022-lattice is related to the L12 structure.