The influence of phosphate fertilizer application levels and cultivars on cadmium uptake by Komatsuna (<i>Brassica rapa</i>L. var.<i>perviridis</i>)

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is a common impurity in phosphate fertilizers and application of phosphate fertilizer may contribute to soil Cd accumulation. Changes in Cd burdens to agricultural soils and the potential for plant Cd accumulation resulting from fertilizer input were investigated in this study. A field experiment was conducted on Haplaquept to investigate the influence of calcium superphosphate on extractable and total soil Cd and on growth and Cd uptake of different Komatsuna (Brassica rapa L. var. perviridis) cultivars. Four cultivars of Komatsuna were grown on the soil and harvested after 60 days. The superphosphate application increased total soil Cd from 2.51 to 2.75 mg kg−1, 0.1 mol L−1 hydrochloric acid (HCl) extractable Cd from 1.48 to 1.55 mg kg−1, 0.01 mol L−1 HCl extractable Cd from 0.043 to 0.046 mg kg−1 and water extractable Cd from 0.0057 to 0.0077 mg kg−1. Cd input reached 5.68 g ha–1 at a rate of 240 kg ha–1 superphosphate fertilizer application. Superphosphate affected dry-matter yield of lea...