Finite element formulations for non‐steady‐state large viscoplastic deformation

Abstract

Abstract Different mechanical formulations are employed for calculation of the large deformations occurring in metal forming processes. Eulerian and updated Lagrangian descriptions, valid for viscoplastic materials, are presented. In view of the numerical tests which were carried out, the Eulerian formulation, associated with an implicit integration scheme which proved to be numerically accurate and reliable, is shown to be preferable.