Journal of Applied Polymer Science · 1992 · 29 citations · 16 references
Natural SciencesMaterials EngineeringMaterials SciencePolymer ChemistryPolymer EngineeringPolymer MaterialsComposite MaterialsPolymer BlendsPolymer CharacterizationPolymer CompositesPolymer ProcessingPolymer SurfacesBlend CompatibilityBulk MorphologyExtrusionPa ComponentPolymer BlendingPolymer Surface AnalysisReactive ExtrusionSurface Composition
Abstract The surface compositions of a series of poly(phenylene ether)/nylon 6,6 blends (PPE/PA), and PPE/HIPS blends, prepared by melt compounding and injection molding, have been quantitatively measured using XPS. For PPE/PA blends, the surface is dominated by the PA component for blends containing more than 25 wt % PA in the bulk. The enrichment of the PA component, which is actually the component of highest surface free energy, is rationalized in terms of the bulk morphology that consists of PPE domains in a PA continuous phase. Blends prepared by reactive extrusion processes, which form compatibilizing PPE/PA copolymers, show a decrease in surface PA enrichment with increasing copolymer content in the final blend. PPE/HIPS blends have a surface composition equal to the formulated value over the entire composition range, for both molded and solvent cast blends. The addition of 5% PVME to a 60/40 PPE/HIPS blend results in a molded surface containing 35–40 wt % PVME. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Robert L. Schmitt, Joseph A. Gardella, Joseph H. Magill et al. · Macromolecules · 1985 · 119 citations