Calcium and phosphorus requirement of swine from weaning to market weight: I. Development of response curves for performance.

Abstract

Three trials using 300 pigs were conducted to establish response surfaces for effects of calcium and phosphorus (Ca/P) levels and of time on postweaning pig performance. Five dietary Ca/P levels (70, 85, 100, 115 and 130% of the NRC [1979] estimated dietary Ca and P requirements) were fed from weaning to market weight. Twelve replicates, each consisting of five pigs, were used across the three trials, and one pig per replicate was slaughtered every 4 wk following the start of the trials. Efficiency of feed utilization (G:F) was insensitive to diet within the range of Ca/P levels used, whereas ADG and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were linearly (P less than .01) and quadratically (p less than .01) related to both diet and weigh period. Asymptotic models relating continuous effects of total Ca + P intake (average grams per day of Ca + P) relative to the NRC estimated Ca + P intake and days on test at the midpoint of each weigh period were fitted to the data and used to derive response surfaces for ADG and ADFI. Ninety, ninety-five and ninety-eight percent of maximum ADG, ADFI and G:F also were determined; 98% of maximum ADG was reached with a Ca and P intake of 99.8% of NRC Ca/P estimates, whereas Ca and P intakes of 95.3 and 83.5% of NRC estimates were required to produce 98% of maximum ADFI and G:F, respectively.