GRIFFON VULTURE (GYPS FULVUS) DISTRIBUTION AND DENSITY IN CRETE

Abstract

Griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) distribution and local density during 1996- 2002 as well as the main characteristics of the species' activity sites in Crete are described. Total area of occurrence has been estimated at 7000 km2 (85% of the island). 5500 km2 (67%) accounted for its vital range, namely breeding and foraging, with spatial and temporal differences in correspondence to transhumant livestock. In total 68 activity sites were detected: (a) 34 colonies, of which 62% on average were occupied by laying pairs in any one year; (b) six deserted colonies; and (c) 17 summer and 11 winter roosts. Most of the sites were found in southwest and northeast Crete on rocks of calcareous substrate. The species nesting and roosting sites were found on dolomitic and platy limestone cliffs, respectively. Mean altitude of activity sites was 650 m (SD = 442 m, range = 120-1900 m), whereas mean altitude of active colonies was 453 m (SD = 225 m, range = 120-1100 m). Cliffs were on average 182 m high (range = 40-540 m) fac...