Integration Issues of Distributed Generation in Distribution Grids

TLDR

In today’s distribution grids, the rapid rise of distributed generation—especially CHP plants and wind turbines—creates planning and operational challenges. Based on Dutch DSO experience, the paper explores options for addressing grid‑planning issues related to DG integration. The study examines voltage control, grid protection, and fault levels through simulations on an existing distribution grid. Results show that in compact grids voltage‑control problems and protection blinding are unlikely, but false tripping and fault‑level issues must be carefully considered.

Abstract

In today's distribution grids the number of distributed generation (DG) units is increasing rapidly. Combined heat and power (CHP) plants and wind turbines are most often installed. Integration of these DG units into the distribution grid leads to planning as well as operational challenges. Based on the experience of a Dutch distribution system operators (DSO), this paper addresses several possibilities to handle grid planning issues. Effects on voltage control, grid protection, and fault levels are investigated and described. These aspects are illustrated with the aid of simulations on an existing distribution grid. It is demonstrated that in compact distribution grids voltage control problems and blinding of protection are not likely to occur and that false tripping and fault level have to be considered carefully.