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High-Efficiency Monolithic Three-Terminal GaAs/Si Tandem Solar Cells Fabricated by Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition
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1996
Year
Si Bottom CellEngineeringEnergy ConversionOrganic Solar CellConversion EfficiencyPlasmon-enhanced PhotovoltaicsPhotovoltaic SystemPhotovoltaicsChemical EngineeringCompound SemiconductorSolar Energy UtilisationElectrical EngineeringSemiconductor Device FabricationMicroelectronicsActive-area Conversion EfficiencyApplied PhysicsBuilding-integrated PhotovoltaicsSolar CellsOptoelectronics
A monolithic GaAs/Si tandem solar cell which consists of a p + -n GaAs top cell and an n + -p-p + Si bottom cell is fabricated by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The conversion efficiency of the top cell is increased by improvement of the solar cell structure (adoption of a graded band emitter layer) and optimization of the growth conditions (increase of the thermal annealing temperature and the growth temperature). By combining the conversion efficiencies of the GaAs top cell (16.0%) and Si bottom cell (3.9%), the active-area conversion efficiency of 19.9% (AM0, 1 sun) has been obtained in the three-terminal configuration.