Different effects of polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor‐alpha and interleukin‐1 beta on development of peptic ulcer and gastric cancer

Abstract

Polymorphisms in TNF-alpha rather than IL-1beta are associated with increased risk for gastric ulcers and gastric cancer in Japan. The simultaneous carriage of more than one high-producer allele of TNF-alpha further increased the risks for gastric ulcer and cancer.