Science · 2003 · 379 citations · 28 references
Natural SciencesEarth SciencesOceanographyClimate ScienceCryosphere StudiesGlaciologyIce Core PaleoclimateIce Core RecordsIce Core ScienceIce-ocean InteractionsSea Ice Remote SensingSea Ice StudiesAntarctic Ice CoresAntarctic Sea Ice ConcentrationIce Core EvidenceObservational EvidenceSatellite-based Sea Ice ConcentrationSea Ice DeclineSea Ice Extent MeasurementSea Ice Extent Variability
The instrumental record of Antarctic sea ice in recent decades does not reveal a clear signature of warming despite observational evidence from coastal Antarctica. Here we report a significant correlation (P < 0.002) between methanesulphonic acid (MSA) concentrations from a Law Dome ice core and 22 years of satellite-derived sea ice extent (SIE) for the 80 degrees E to 140 degrees E sector. Applying this instrumental calibration to longer term MSA data (1841 to 1995 A.D.) suggests that there has been a 20% decline in SIE since about 1950. The decline is not uniform, showing large cyclical variations, with periods of about 11 years, that confuse trend detection over the relatively short satellite era.
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Emperor penguins and climate change
Christophe Barbraud, Henri Weimerskirch · Nature · 2001 · 449 citations
Freshening of the Ross Sea During the Late 20th Century
Stan Jacobs, Claudia F. Giulivi, Philip A Mele · Science · 2002 · 417 citations
Observed Hemispheric Asymmetry in Global Sea Ice Changes
D. J. Cavalieri, P. Gloersen, Claire L. Parkinson et al. · Science · 1997 · 380 citations