Traumatic events and post‐traumatic stress disorder in the community: prevalence,risk factors and comorbidity

TLDR

The study examined lifetime and 12‑month prevalence of traumatic events and DSM‑IV PTSD, as well as risk factors and comorbidity patterns, in a representative community sample of 3,021 adolescents and young adults aged 14–24. Traumatic events and PTSD were assessed using the Munich Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). In this sample, 26 % of males and 17.7 % of females reported at least one traumatic event, yet only 1 % of males and 2.2 % of females met full PTSD criteria, and PTSD was strongly linked to other mental disorders, occurring as both primary and secondary, with overall prevalence lower than prior studies but similar conditional risk and comorbidity patterns.

Abstract

Objective: Lifetime and 12‐month prevalence of traumatic events and DSM‐IV post‐traumatic stress disorder as well as risk factors and comorbidity patterns were investigated in a representative community sample ( n =3021, aged 14–24 years). Method: Traumatic events and PTSD were assessed with the Munich Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Results: Although 26% of male subjects and 17.7% of female subjects reported at least one traumatic event, only a few qualified for a full PTSD diagnosis (1% of males and 2.2% of females). Traumatic events and PTSD were strongly associated with all other mental disorders examined. PTSD occurred as both a primary and a secondary disorder. Conclusion: The prevalence of PTSD in this young German sample is considerably lower than reported in previous studies. However, the conditional probability for PTSD after experiencing traumas, risk factors and comorbidity patterns are quite similar. Traumatic events and full PTSD may increase the risk for other disorders, and vice versa.