A Standard Definition of Stuttering

Abstract

No AccessJournal of Speech and Hearing DisordersThe Forum1 Nov 1964A Standard Definition of Stuttering M. E. Wingate M. E. Wingate University of Washington Google Scholar https://doi.org/10.1044/jshd.2904.484 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In Additional Resources FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited by Speech, Language and Hearing (1-17)19 Oct 2023Perceptions and predictors of health-related quality of life among aging adults who stutter: a first glimpseNathan D. Maxfield Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research66:10 (3735-3744)4 Oct 2023Speech With Pauses Sounds Deceptive to Listeners With and Without Hearing ImpairmentBindiya Patel, Ziyun Zhang, Carolyn McGettigan and Michel Belyk Frontiers in Neurology1430 Jun 2023Acoustic analysis in stuttering: a machine-learning studyFrancesco Asci, Luca Marsili, Antonio Suppa, Giovanni Saggio, Elena Michetti, Pietro Di Leo, Martina Patera, Lucia Longo, Giovanni Ruoppolo, Francesca Del Gado, Donatella Tomaiuoli and Giovanni Costantini Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups7:3 (716-727)13 Jun 20223Es: An All-Inclusive Stuttering Therapy ToolKatie Gore and Courtney Luckman Margulis Psychology of Language and Communication26:1 (1-17)1 Jan 20221 Jan 2022Stuttering frequency on content and function words in pre-school and school-age Jordanian Arabic-speaking children who stutterMazin Alqhazo and Firas Alfwaress Topics in Language Disorders42:1 (57-75)1 Jan 2022Understanding the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering Can Improve Stuttering TherapySeth E. Tichenor, Caryn Herring and J. Scott Yaruss Human Genetics and Genomics Advances3:1 (100073)1 Jan 2022Population-based genetic effects for developmental stutteringHannah G. Polikowsky, Douglas M. Shaw, Lauren E. Petty, Hung-Hsin Chen, Dillon G. Pruett, Jonathon P. Linklater, Kathryn Z. Viljoen, Janet M. Beilby, Heather M. Highland, Brandt Levitt, Christy L. Avery, Kathleen Mullan Harris, Robin M. Jones, Jennifer E. Below and Shelly Jo Kraft Journal of Fluency Disorders70 (105880)1 Dec 2021Does stammering act as a barrier to exercise and sport in Irish adults who stammer?Siobhán O'Connor, Kieran A. Moran, Enda F. Whyte and Aisling C. Lacey Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools52:4 (967-977)18 Oct 2021Word-Final Disfluencies in a School-Age Child: Beneath the Tip of the IcebergNaomi Eichorn and Sidney Donnan Phonetics and Speech Sciences13:3 (91-101)1 Sep 2021Effects of speech motor practice and linguistic complexity on articulation rate in adults who stutter*HeeCheong Chon and Torrey M. Loucks John A. Tetnowski, Kathleen Scaler Scott and Brittany Falcon Rutland (2021) Fluency and Fluency Disorders The Handbook of Language and Speech Disorders10.1002/9781119606987.ch191 Mar 2021 Nagalapura S Viswanath (2021) Stuttering Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_3345 Journal of Fluency Disorders (105780)1 Sep 2020Inhibitory Control of Lexical Selection in Adults who StutterNathan D. Maxfield Journal of Fluency Disorders (105778)1 Jun 2020Trait perspective-taking and need for cognition in the formation of stereotypes about people who stutterMaxim Baryshevtsev, Lingzi Zhong, Rachel Lloyd and Matthew McGlone Language, Cognition and Neuroscience35:1 (93-105)2 Jan 2020Processing of self-repairs in stuttered and non-stuttered speechMatthew W. Lowder, Nathan D. Maxfield and Fernanda Ferreira Ulrich Natke and Anke Kohmäscher (2020) Idiopathisches Stottern: Definitionen Stottern10.1007/978-3-662-60942-2_3 Giordano D'Urso, Elena Toscano, Gianpiero Gallo and Andrea de Bartolomeis (2020) Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Neurodevelopmental Disorders Non Invasive Brain Stimulation in Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences10.1007/978-3-030-43356-7_20 Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research62:12 (4335-4350)18 Dec 2019Group Experiences and Individual Differences in StutteringSeth E. Tichenor and J. Scott YarussJournal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research62:12 (4356-4369)18 Dec 2019Stuttering as Defined by Adults Who StutterSeth E. Tichenor and J. Scott Yaruss Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews22 Nov 2019Non-pharmacological interventions for stuttering in children aged between birth and six yearsÅse Sjøstrand, Elaina Kefalianos, Hilde Hofslundsengen, Linn S Guttormsen, Melanie Kirmess, Arne Lervåg, Charles Hulme and Kari-Anne Bottegaard Naess Phonetics and Speech Sciences11:2 (65-76)1 Jun 2019Occupational advice from vocational counselors for adults who stutter and associated factors*Jin Park, Hyekyung Jang, Hyungtak Shin, Nambin Cho and Heeyoung Park Language, Cognition and Neuroscience34:5 (561-579)28 May 2019Backward-looking sentence processing in typically disfluent versus stuttered speech: ERP evidenceNathan D. Maxfield and Fernanda Ferreira American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology28:1 (14-28)21 Feb 2019The Role of Effortful Control in Stuttering Severity in Children: Replication StudyShelly Jo Kraft, Emily Lowther and Janet Beilby Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences73:2 (63-69)1 Feb 2019Online cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation to the right homologue of Broca's area improves speech fluency in people who stutterYasuto Yada, Shuta Tomisato and Ryu‐ichiro Hashimoto Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics32:12 (1126-1144)2 Dec 2018An ultrasound investigation of the speech motor skills of stuttering Italian childrenGiovanna Lenoci and Irene Ricci Computers in Biology and Medicine102 (138-150)1 Nov 2018Measuring and monitoring emotional changes in children who stutterAbeer Al-Nafjan, Areej Al-Wabil, Abdulaziz AlMudhi and Manar Hosny American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology27:3S (1180-1194)19 Oct 2018A Phenomenological Analysis of the Experience of StutteringSeth Tichenor and J. Scott Yaruss Speech Communication95 (16-27)1 Dec 2017Profiling fluency: An analysis of individual variation in disfluencies in adult malesKirsty McDougall and Martin Duckworth Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research60:10 (2906-2923)17 Oct 2017Semantic and Phonological Encoding Times in Adults Who Stutter: Brain Electrophysiological EvidenceNathan D. Maxfield PLOS ONE12:7 (e0179255)31 Jul 2017Functional neural circuits that underlie developmental stutteringJianping Qiao, Zhishun Wang, Guihu Zhao, Yuankai Huo, Carl L. Herder, Chamonix O. Sikora, Bradley S. Peterson and J. Bruce Morton Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics31:4 (313-329)3 Apr 2017Stuttering in relation to the morphophonemics of KannadaHorabail S. Venkatagiri, Nuggehalli P. Nataraja and M. Deepthi Human Brain Mapping38:4 (1865-1874)1 Apr 2017Reduced perfusion in Broca's area in developmental stutteringJay Desai, Yuankai Huo, Zhishun Wang, Ravi Bansal, Steven C. R. Williams, David Lythgoe, Fernando O. Zelaya and Bradley S. Peterson The Japan Journal of Logopedics and Phoniatrics58:2 (191-195)Effect of Bi-Mora Frequency in Initial and Final Word Positions on Stuttering Frequency in School-Aged Children Who StutterSaburo Takahashi João Paulo Teixeira, Maria Goreti Fernandes and Rita Alexandra Costa (2017) Automatic Determination of Pauses in Speech for Classification of Stuttering Disorder Design, Development, and Integration of Reliable Electronic Healthcare Platforms10.4018/978-1-5225-1724-5.ch008 Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica69:4 (180-189)Speaker and Observer Perceptions of Physical Tension during StutteringSeth Tichenor, Paula Leslie, Susan Shaiman and J. Scott Yaruss Communication Sciences & Disorders21:2 (371-381)30 Jun 2016Self-Reactions of the Public toward People Who Stutter: Age and Sex DifferencesHeeCheong Chon World Neurosurgery90 (703.e7-703.e10)1 Jun 2016New-Onset Stutter After Electrode Insertion in the Ventrocaudalis Nucleus for Face PainAdrian B. Levine and Keith W. MacDougall Neuroscience Research106 (29-37)1 May 2016An event-related potential investigation of sentence processing in adults who stutterShinobu Murase, Takashi Kawashima, Hirotaka Satake and Seiichi Era Scientific Reports6:18 Jan 2016Altered functional connectivity in persistent developmental stutteringYang Yang, Fanlu Jia, Wai Ting Siok and Li Hai Tan Nagalapura S Viswanath (2016) Stuttering Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_3345-1 Perspectives on Fluency and Fluency Disorders25:2 (50-57)1 Oct 2015A Research-Based Clinical Tutorial in Adolescent Stuttering: Response to Coleman, Miller, and Weidner (2015)Anne Bothe Marcotte and Nina M. SantusJournal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research58:5 (1440-1451)1 Oct 2015Characteristics of Fluency and Speech in Two Families With High Incidences of StutteringSheila V. Stager, Frances J. Freeman and Allen Braun Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports15:91 Sep 2015The Neurobiological Grounding of Persistent Stuttering: from Structure to FunctionNicole E. Neef, Alfred Anwander and Angela D. Friederici Journal of Fluency Disorders44 (32-45)1 Jun 2015Video self-modeling as a post-treatment fluency recovery strategy for adultsJessica Harasym, Marilyn Langevin and Deborah Kully Communication Disorders Quarterly36:3 (162-171)1 May 2015Characteristics of Young Children Close to the Onset of StutteringPenny Cavenagh, Sarah Costelloe, Steve Davis and Peter Howell Journal of speech-language & hearing disorders24:1 (157-167)1 Mar 2015An Experimental Study of Favorable Voice Analysis and Good Impressions Using Paralinguistic Construction Elements Soon-Bok Kwon Journal of speech-language & hearing disorders24:1 (145-155)1 Mar 2015A Preliminary Study on the Development of the Korean Version of the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering(OASESTM) for Adults 전희정 and Scott Yaruss European Journal of Neuroscience41:2 (275-284)1 Jan 2015 Stuttering as a trait or state – an ALE meta‐analysis of neuroimaging studies Michel Belyk, Shelly Jo Kraft and Steven Brown H. Bijleveld (2015) Bégaiements et neurologie Les bégaiements10.1016/B978-2-294-74491-4.00005-9 Journal of Special Education Research3:1 (11-14)Differences of Processing Difficulty Between Phrases and Words in School-Aged Children Who StutterSaburo Takahashi and Tomohiko Ito Perceptual and Motor Skills117:1 (193-200)1 Aug 2013Motor Learning Cannot Explain Stuttering AdaptationHorabail S. Venkatagiri, Nuggehalli P. Nataraja and M. Deepthi International Journal of Reliable and Quality E-Healthcare2:3 (62-73)Pause Duration of Disfluent SpeechJoão Paulo Teixeira, Maria Goreti Fernandes and Rita Alexandra Costa The Japanese Journal of Special Education51:1 (31-39)Does Word Length Affect the Frequency of Stuttering? The Transition From Core VowelsSachiyo MATSUMOTO-SHIMAMORI and Tomohiko ITO Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia17:4 (489-494)1 Dec 2012Gagueira desenvolvimental persistente familial: perspectivas genéticasBreila Vilela de Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo Frigério Domingues, Fabíola Staróbole Juste, Claudia Regina Furquim de Andrade and Danilo Moretti-Ferreira Journal of Fluency Disorders37:1 (25-41)1 Mar 2012Factors affecting occupational advice for speakers who do and do not stutterKenneth J. Logan and Elizabeth M. O'Connor The Japan Journal of Logopedics and Phoniatrics53:1 (27-32)Evaluation of Oral Reading in Stuttering Using Phonological AnalyzerNao Yasuda, Kentarou Yoshizawa, Michinari Fukuda, Yumi Yukimoto, Wakana Hata, Yuki Hara, Takashi Masaki and Kouji Yorizumi Journal of Special Education and Rehabilitation13:1-2Incidence of Stuttering in School-Age Children with Down SyndromeNevzeta Salihović, Selma Hasanbašić and Leila Begić Rehabilitación45 (21-26)1 Nov 2011El servicio de rehabilitación de Drassanes en Barcelona ciudad: un modelo integrado en la atención primariaM. Möller, R. Arroyo and M.D. Vega American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A152A:12 (3164-3172)1 Dec 2010 Identification of a microdeletion at the 7q33‐q35 disrupting the CNTNAP2 gene in a Brazilian stuttering case Aline L. Petrin, Célia M. Giacheti, Luciana P. Maximino, Dagma V. M. Abramides, Sthella Zanchetta, Natalia F. Rossi, Antônio Richieri‐Costa and Jeffrey C. Murray NeuroImage52:4 (1495-1504)1 Oct 2010A study of the reproducibility and etiology of diffusion anisotropy differences in developmental stuttering: A potential role for impaired myelinationM.D. Cykowski, P.T. Fox, R.J. Ingham, J.C. Ingham and D.A. Robin Journal of Neurolinguistics23:5 (488-500)1 Sep 2010Dysfluency levels during repeated readings, choral readings, and readings with altered auditory feedback in two cases of acquired neurogenic stutteringVenu Balasubramanian, Kristine L. Cronin and Ludo Max Journal of Fluency Disorders35:3 (246-279)1 Sep 2010Overreliance on auditory feedback may lead to sound/syllable repetitions: Simulations of stuttering and fluency-inducing conditions with a neural model of speech productionOren Civier, Stephen M. Tasko and Frank H. Guenther Clinical Neurophysiology121:9 (1447-1463)1 Sep 2010Neural correlates of semantic activation spreading on the path to picture naming in adults who stutterNathan D. Maxfield, Jessica L. Huffman, Stefan A. Frisch and Jacqueline J. Hinckley Journal of Fluency Disorders35:2 (123-140)1 Jun 2010Five-year longitudinal treatment outcomes of the ISTAR Comprehensive Stuttering ProgramMarilyn Langevin, Deborah Kully, Shelli Teshima, Paul Hagler and N.G. Narasimha Prasad Journal of Communication Disorders42:2 (155-161)1 Mar 2009Communication attitude of Italian children who do and do not stutterSimona Bernardini, Martine Vanryckeghem, Gene J. Brutten, Luisella Cocco and Claudio Zmarich Journal of speech-language & hearing disorders17:4 (19-31)1 Dec 2008The Characteristics of Speech Repetition in Neurogenic Stuttering 신명선 Journal of Fluency Disorders33:3 (180-202)1 Sep 2008Speeded verbal responding in adults who stutter: Are there deficits in linguistic encoding?Neville W. Hennessey, Charn Y. Nang and Janet M. Beilby International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders43:3 (283-299)6 May 2008Investigating factors related to the effects of time‐out on stuttering in adultsDiane E. Franklin, Catherine L. Taylor, Neville W. Hennessey and Janet M. Beilby Journal of Fluency Disorders32:1 (33-50)1 Jan 2007Genetic studies of stuttering in a founder populationJacqueline K. Wittke-Thompson, Nicoline Ambrose, Ehud Yairi, Cheryl Roe, Edwin H. Cook, Carole Ober and Nancy J. Cox International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders41:5 (583-589)1 Jan 2006The Behavior Assessment Battery: a preliminary study of non‐stuttering Pakistani grade‐school childrenMartine Vanryckeghem and Samad A. Mukati Journal of Fluency Disorders31:4 (271-283)Comparing judgments of stuttering made by students, clinicians, and highly experienced judgesShelley B. Brundage, Anne K. Bothe, Amy N. Lengeling and Jeffrey J. Evans American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology14:4 (284-297)1 Nov 2005Differential Diagnosis of Stuttering for Forensic PurposesCarol Hubbard SeeryAmerican Journal of Speech-Language Pathology14:4 (260-273)1 Nov 2005Have Disfluency-Type Measures Contributed to the Understanding and Treatment of Developmental Stuttering?Jóhanna Einarsdóttir and Roger J. Ingham Journal of Fluency Disorders30:4 (307-318)1 Jan 2005A comparative investigation of the speech-associated attitude of preschool and kindergarten children who do and do not stutterMartine Vanryckeghem, Gene J. Brutten and Lynell M. Hernandez BMC Neurology4:11 Dec 2004Morphological brain differences between adult stutterers and non-stutterersLutz Jäncke, Jürgen Hänggi and Helmuth Steinmetz Movement Disorders19:9 (1106-1109)1 Sep 2004Stuttering and gait disturbance after supplementary motor area seizureSun J. Chung, Joo‐Hyuk Im, Jae‐Hong Lee and Myoung C. Lee Contemporary Issues in Communication Science and Disorders31:Spring (80-91)1 Mar 2004Theoretical Perspectives on the Cause of StutteringNicoline Grinager Ambrose Medical Hypotheses62:3 (401-405)1 Mar 2004Slower and incomplete retrieval of speech motor plans is the proximal source of stuttering: stutters occur when syllable motor plans stored in memory are concatenated to produce the utterance motor planH.S Venkatagiri PLoS Biology2:2 (e46)17 Feb 2004What Causes Stuttering?Christian Büchel and Martin Sommer Journal of Fluency Disorders29:1 (3-25)1 Jan 2004Gestural overlap in consonant clusters: effects on the fluent speech of stuttering and non-stuttering subjectsWendy J. Huinck, Pascal H.H.M. van Lieshout, Herman F.M. Peters and Wouter Hulstijn Parkinsonism & Related Disorders9:5 (281-289)1 Jun 2003Tics and developmental stutteringHilda F Mulligan, Tim J Anderson, Richard D Jones, Michelle J Williams and Ivan M Donaldson Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews27:4 (339-347)1 Jun 2003Choral speech: the amelioration of stuttering via imitation and the mirror neuronal systemJoseph Kalinowski and Tim Saltuklaroglu Journal of Communication Disorders36:1 (59-75)1 Jan 2003Second formant transitions in fluent speech of persistent and recovered preschool children who stutterAnu Subramanian, Ehud Yairi and Ofer Amir Journal of Fluency Disorders27:4 (305-318)1 Dec 2002The duration of the in and Journal of Fluency Disorders27:4 Dec 2002The of Journal of Fluency Mar R. of J. Ingham and M. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Aug of Yairi and Nicoline Grinager of Speech, Language, and Hearing Jun on StutteringNicoline Grinager Ambrose and Ehud of Speech, Language, and Hearing Jun Yairi, Nicoline Ambrose and Neuroscience Jun the to stuttering in adults in the Tim and International Journal of Jan and A at Developmental F. Mulligan, Tim J. Anderson, Richard D. Jones, Michelle J. Williams and Ivan M. Donaldson Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Aug and of in the Speech of Who K. of Speech, Language, and Hearing Dec and in Scott YarussJournal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Aug of on of K. and Roger J. Ingham Journal of Fluency Nov of the of a stutter with to two of and of N. and J. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Aug for of Treatment for Young Children Who Ingham and Journal of Speech-Language Aug for Young Children Who J. Ingham and Anne K. of Speech, Language, and Hearing Apr the of Scott Yaruss Journal of Fluency Feb of transitions in the speech of stutterers and and International Journal of Jan in is by of Journal of Fluency Disorders21:2 Jun between attitude and fluency of stuttering and childrenMartine Vanryckeghem and Gene J. Brutten Journal of Fluency Jun and of stuttering: A of Gene Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Feb of and by in Stuttering K. and Roger J. of Speech, Language, and Hearing Dec of K. and Roger J. Journal of Speech-Language Sep H. of Speech, Language, and Hearing Aug of Positions on the Speech of People Who and of Speech, Language, and Hearing Jun on & in and E. of Speech, Language, and Hearing Apr of K. and Roger J. of Speech, Language, and Hearing Dec of J. Ingham, Anne K. and Journal of Fluency Dec on of and H. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Jun of J. Ingham, Anne K. and L. of Speech, Language, and Hearing Jun and Herman Journal of Fluency Jun treatment for Assessment of stuttering F. Journal of Fluency of stuttering and in the of in children and Ingham Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Oct to H. of Speech, Language, and Hearing Oct Can A to H. Journal of Speech-Language Sep of of Speech, Language, and Hearing Aug and Speech and of Speech, Language, and Hearing Jun of L. and Roger J. of Speech, Language, and Hearing Jun Analysis of and for Stuttering K. Roger J. Ingham, Peter Frank and Ingham Journal of Fluency Jan Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Oct G. and M. of Speech, Language, and Hearing Aug of in H. D. and Richard F. Journal of Motor Dec Motor of G. Journal of Fluency Oct is stuttering: and E. Journal of Speech and Hearing Aug and of of and and H. of Speech and Hearing Aug is H. Revista de Jan Journal of Fluency Aug and effects of a stuttering in the of a Viswanath Journal of Fluency Aug are E. Behavior Jul of and Treatment of E. A. E. and Peter Journal of Fluency Feb An for a H. Journal of Fluency Oct of stuttering in E. Journal of Fluency Apr between and and and Gene J. Brutten Journal of Fluency Feb to in versus A. and J. Journal of Fluency Apr and and E. Wingate Journal of Fluency Feb effects of of and the of in L. Journal of Fluency Feb and in a R. and L. Journal of Fluency Feb of a Japanese to Revista de Jan de la en de la de la G. Jan by G. Journal of Human Communication Dec A Perceptual Analysis of Speech G. and Bruce E. Journal of Fluency Dec and rate of speech in adult C. and Journal of Fluency Mar and and E. Wingate Journal of Fluency Dec A and Martin R. Journal of Fluency Sep of and in and O. R. and M. Journal of Human Communication Jun of on Perceptual of Treatment A. Journal of Fluency Feb of during Journal of Communication Jul on stuttering in and Journal of Communication Jul in a of adult L. and E. Journal of Fluency (29-37)1 Mar study of and Martin R. and Journal of Communication Mar of the of from on E. and Sep of stuttering by stutterers R. and J. Current in Jun B. Journal of Jan Treatment for Stuttering: A of Speech and E. Journal of Fluency Jan changes in stutterers and during R. Lee and Peter R. Richard and J. Disorders International Handbook of Behavior and Journal of Fluency Sep study of E. Wingate Journal of Fluency Sep and in stuttering and and John M. Journal of Communication Sep of stuttering: and E. Journal of Behavior Mar E. Journal of Fluency Mar by fluent and stuttering children and and Martin R. and of stuttering: and E. Journal of Fluency Dec stuttering and E. and Anne B. Journal of Fluency Dec of stuttering on of J. and David A. Journal of Fluency Sep of to stutteringJay Perceptual and Motor Aug of in Stuttering: A Clinical Study with C. and M. Journal of Fluency Jun and in the speech of Journal of Fluency Jun of speech to the of S. Venkatagiri Journal of Fluency Mar analysis of and and Journal of Fluency Dec analysis of stuttering as a R. Journal of Fluency Jun and The and R. Journal of Fluency Mar and fluency and to Stuttering Journal of Fluency Dec fluency in An and Brutten Journal of Fluency Dec of auditory on the frequency of stuttering M. and M. Behavior Nov effects of speech on stuttering An Journal of Fluency Jun during a in stuttering and and Journal of Fluency Mar Two case studies of stuttering and S. Behavior May of speech with a on the frequency and duration of in the speech of adult H. and G. Journal of Fluency Jan and of fluent and stuttered R. Journal of Fluency Jan stimulation of the by Lee and Gene J. Brutten Journal of Human Communication Dec Identification and of Stuttering in The D. Journal of Communication Jan analysis of for Behavior Oct analysis of the stuttering and Gene Brutten Journal of Communication Sep among of individual and Martin R. Journal of Communication Jan of in the treatment of R. International Journal of Language & Communication Oct and Roger J. Ingham Behavior Jul of on stutterers and R. and Journal of Communication Mar of and to stuttering A. Journal of the of Speech Dec of a to the Treatment of Stuttering in and Roger J. Ingham and in to Jan in Nov & American