Altered expression of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors as possible contributors to corneal droplet formation in climatic droplet keratopathy

Abstract

Elevated MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels have been implicated in the failure of corneal re-epithelialization, and enhanced MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels in CDK patients suggest that these MMPs may play a role in corneal scarring in CDK. Elevated levels of MMP-8 suggest a defensive role for this MMP in inflammatory reactions associated with recurring corneal traumas. Decreased expression of TIMP-1 in CDK patients suggest deficient antiproteolytic shield likely to render the corneas of CDK patients vulnerable to enhanced MMPs. Overall, these data suggest a mechanistic link between MMPs and TIMP-1 level in cornea and tears with corneal scarring in CDK.