Microbiology and Immunology · 1991 · 20 citations · 18 references
Veterinary MedicineImmunologyInfectious DiseasesImmunology Of Infectious DiseasesInfectious Disease PathologyWildlife PathologyAntigen Detection AssaysLyme DiseaseSerological DiagnosisSerological DiagnosticsTick BiologyTick-borne DiseasesBorrelia Burgdorferi InfectionInfection Transmission RiskLyme Disease EpidemiologySerological EpidemiologySerological IdentificationTick-borne Disease InvestigationTransmission Risk AnalysisTransmission Risk Factors
Seventy-six wild sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) from areas endemic for Borrelia burgdorferi during 1988 to 1989 had the IgG antibody to the bacteria in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The percentage of seropositive deer was 25.0% to strain HO14 and 22.4% to strain HP3, respectively. Specific IgG antibody titers were high in summer but low in winter. In summer, seropositive deer were 75.0%. Similar results were obtained in serum specimens obtained monthly from 4 farmed deer. It was suggested that the sika deer could be one of the wild reservoirs for B. burgdorferi in Hokkaido, Japan. The transmission risk of B. burgdorferi is considered to be greatest during late spring to early summer.
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The Spirochetal Etiology of Lyme Disease
Allen C. Steere, Robert L. Grodzicki, Arnold N. Kornblatt et al. · New England Journal of Medicine · 1983 · 1.6K citations
Erythema Chronicum Migrans and Lyme Arthritis
Allen C. Steere, Malawista Se, Shaun Ruddy et al. · Annals of Internal Medicine · 1977 · 688 citations