SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference · 1994 · 22 citations · 0 references
EngineeringGeological EngineeringGeologyEngineering GeologyHydraulic FracturingSurface MiningCoal GeologyFracture CharacterizationFracture GeometryFracture PropagationMining GeologyRock FractureCoal Cleat SystemsCoal Seam StructureCoal StructureCrosslinked Gel FracturingFracture AnalysisFracture MappingFracturesHydraulic Fracturing Mechanics
Abstract Two field-scale hydraulic fracturing experiments were performed in vertical boreholes on the lease of Munmorah Colliery located south of Newcastle, NSW. The treatments fractured the 3- metre thick, 220-metre deep Great Northern coal seam and were designed to provide a direct comparison between a borate-crosslinked gel and a water treatment. The fracture geometries were mapped during mining of the coal seam. Geologic mapping disclosed a well-defined coal face cleat and systematic full-seam joints perpen-dicular to bedding and trending NW. The vertical hydraulic fractures extended along the joint and face cleat direction. Evidence that an early slurry stage of fine mesh proppant acted to block off one of two competing parallel fractures was found at one of the mineback sites.