Diagnosis and Management of Skull Base Osteoradionecrosis After Radiotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Abstract

Clinical diagnosis of skull base ORN was based on symptoms, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging and endoscopy. The final confirmation was according to pathologic examination. Surgery had the best effect. Extensive ORN accompanied by radiation brain damage or cranial nerves damage had poor prognosis. Nasopharyngeal bleeding and exhaustion were the main causes of death.