Hypoxic radiosensitizers in radical radiotherapy for patients with bladder carcinoma: hyperbaric oxygen, misonidazole, and accelerated radiotherapy, carbogen, and nicotinamide.

Abstract

Although the advantage for the carbogen group may be explained in part by changes in radiotherapy practice over the period of the three studies the improvement in local control is sufficiently great to support the hypothesis that hypoxia is important in modifying the control of bladder carcinoma using radiation therapy. Further evaluation of accelerated radiotherapy, carbogen, and nicotinamide in patients with bladder carcinoma is needed in a Phase III trial.