Substrate-Modified Hydrogels for Autonomous Sensing of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A

Abstract

We report the development of substrate-cross-linked hydrogels for the specific detection of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A), the most poisonous toxin known. Peptide-cross-linked BoNT/A-sensitive hydrogels were photopolymerized within microfluidic channels to create autonomous biosensors capable of sensing toxin enzymatic activity with a visual readout.