Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering · 1999 · 16 citations · 3 references
EngineeringMaterials EngineeringMaterials ScienceDrawingMetallurgySurface EngineeringCoatingsLubricant PropertiesLubrication EngineeringSinteringSteel MaterialsCarbon CoatingsDeep DrawingDie DesignDie SteelsLubricationSoft CarbonSteel Body ManufacturingTool Life Prediction
Soft and hard diamondlike carbon die coatings were used to deep draw aluminum sheets with a very light and environment-friendly water-soluble oil lubricant and even without a lubricant. The water-soluble oil lubricant with poor lubrication ability caused premature rupture of the aluminum blank when drawn with a noncoated steel die, whereas a die coated with soft diamondlike carbon (WC/C) had a lifetime of over 7000 drawing operations. A cost-effective die could be made of a die steel body on which a sintered tungsten carbide alloy overlayer was deposited by high-velocity thermal spraying and further coated with a hard diamondlike carbon (DLC), which gave a life of up to 6000 operations even without a lubricant. Tool life was almost equal to that for a solid sintered carbide alloy die coated with DLC.
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Structure and properties of quasi-amorphous films prepared by ion beam techniques
C. Weißmantel, K. Bewilogua, D. Dietrich et al. · Thin Solid Films · 1980 · 255 citations