Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica · 2008 · 32 citations · 0 references
Muscle FunctionMusculoskeletal SystemAnatomyComparative AnatomyOrthopaedic SurgeryGross AnatomyKinesiologyApplied AnatomyMylohyoid MusclesSkeletal MuscleBiomechanicsApplied PhysiologyHealth SciencesMechanobiologyHyoid BoneMorphologyHuman Musculoskeletal SystemAxial SkeletonPhysiologyHuman AdultsShoulder GirdleMusculoskeletal InteractionMedicineHyoid Bone Body
The study examined 50 cadaveric tongue‑pharyngeal blocks, macroscopically measuring and pigment‑labeling the hyoid‑muscle attachments and classifying their positional relationships. The analysis revealed that mylohyoid, geniohyoid, hyoglossal, and thyrohyoid muscles attach to the hyoid bone, with the mylohyoid attaching to its lower anterior surface, the geniohyoid showing diverse attachment types, the hyoglossal attaching at the posterior end of the greater cornu, and the middle pharyngeal constrictor sometimes attaching with two bundles.
The attachments of muscles onto the hyoid bone were observed macroscopically, and the lengths and widths of each muscles onto the hyoid bone were measured. The tongue-pharyngeal block as a whole obtained from 50 cadavers were used. Each muscle was colored by acrylic pigments for identification. The results showed that the mylohyoid muscles were attached onto the lower anterior surface of the hyoid bone body. The geniohyoid muscles had many types of attachment forms and significant individual differences. The hyoglossal muscles showed various attachments at the posterior end of the greater cornu. The middle pharyngeal constrictor muscles attached with two bundles in some cases. The sternohyoid muscles and omohyoid muscles were classified by their positional relationship with each other. The thyrohyoid muscles were classified by the conditions of their overlaps with the omohyoid muscles and the sternohyoid muscles. From the aforementioned results, the following muscles were found attached to the hyoid bone in a further developed state: mylohyoid muscles, geniohyoid muscles, hyoglossal muscles, thyrohyoid muscles and hyoglossal muscles.