Phase Diagram for Ferroelectric Nematic Ordering of Hard Spherocylinders with Longitudinal Dipoles

Abstract

The ferroelectric nematic ordering of finite-length hard spherocylinders with longitudinal dipoles is demonstrated in an extended version of the Onsager formalism. The stability analysis as well as numerical simulations were performed to obtain a complete phase diagram for the ferroelectric nematic order in terms of the dipolar strength and the packing fraction of the system. The phase diagram exhibits a usual isotropic-nematic, a nematic-ferroelectric nematic, and a direct isotropic-ferroelectric nematic phase transitions. The criteria for the existence of the triple and tricritical points are obtained as a function of the dipolar strength and the packing fraction.