Failure to learn to escape in rats previously exposed to inescapable shock depends on nature of escape response.

Failure to escape traumatic shock.

Martin E. P. Seligman, Steven F. Maier · Journal of Experimental Psychology · 1967 · 1.9K citations

Social Sciences, Psychology, Biological Psychology +8

On the generality of the laws of learning.

Martin E. P. Seligman · Psychological Review · 1970 · 1.7K citations

Public Health, Behavioral Sciences, Psychology +6

Species-specific defense reactions and avoidance learning.

Robert C. Bolles · Psychological Review · 1970 · 1.6K citations

Life Sciences, Behavioral Sciences, Zoology +12

Effects of inescapable shock upon subsequent escape and avoidance responding.

J. Bruce Overmier, Martin E. P. Seligman · Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology · 1967 · 1.2K citations

Public Health, Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience +9

Alleviation of learned helplessness in the dog.

Martin E. P. Seligman, Steven F. Maier, James H. Geer · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · 1968 · 286 citations

Social Sciences, Behavioral Sciences, Psychology +10