One-step synthesis of composite vesicles: Direct polymerization and in situ over-oxidation of thiophene

Abstract

Composite vesicles with embedded Au nanoparticles are directly prepared from thiophene and Au nanoparticles in aqueous solution in the presence of H2O2 and a catalytic amount of FeCl3. The number, shape, and structure of the vesicles thereof can be readily controlled. We provide evidence that these vesicles contain an aqueous phase in their cavities. The direct synthesis offers an economical route to nanoscale containers and also a rare example for the minimal conditions of vesicle formation.