JAMA · 1971 · 195 citations · 8 references
Tobacco CessationPathologyOral MedicineTumor BiologyOral CancerDeath RateTobacco ControlOncologyNicotineSecond CancersPublic HealthNeck OncologySmoking Related Lung DiseaseRadiation OncologyCancer ResearchCigarette SmokingTobacco UseOral CavityCancer DiagnosisCancer PreventionLarynxLung CancerHead And Neck Squamous Cell CarcinomaMedicine
A total of 203 smokers "cured" of cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, or larynx were divided into two groups: those who continued smoking and those who stopped. Within an average follow-up period of approximately seven years, 40% of patients who continued to smoke tobacco developed second cancers in tobacco-contact tissues, whereas 6% of patients who stopped smoking tobacco acquired second cancers. The death rate from second cancers was high; deaths from other causes occurred more often and earlier among the continuing smokers. These results strongly support previous evidence that (1) tobacco plays a major role in cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx; and (2) cessation of smoking reduces the risk of second such cancers. Stopping smoking may reduce premature deaths from some other common diseases.
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Mortality in Relation to Smoking: Ten Years' Observations of British Doctors
Richard Doll, A. B. Hill · BMJ · 1964 · 680 citations · Full text