Viscosity and viscosity estimation model of fully liquid slags in TiO₂–Al₂O₃–CaO–SiO₂and TiO₂–Al₂O₃–CaO–SiO₂–MgO systems with high TiO₂concentration and low mass ratio of CaO to SiO₂

Abstract

The present paper focuses on the viscosity of high titanium containing slags in the process of titanomagnetite smelting by taking the TiO2–Al2O3–CaO–SiO2 quaternary system with TiO2 in the range from 23 to 43%, Al2O3 in the range from 3 to 12% and basicity (mass ratio of CaO/SiO2) in the range from 0·3 to 0·7 as the object. Experimental determinations of the viscosity were carried out in the temperature range from 1573 to 1873 K using the rotation cylinder method. The effects of TiO2, Al2O3, basicity and temperature on viscosity were studied. The experimental results indicated that the viscosity decreased with increasing TiO2 concentration and basicity, and increased with increasing Al2O3 concentration. Based on the experimental data of the TiO2–Al2O3–CaO–SiO2 quaternary system, a new viscosity model was proposed by modifying the Urbain model. The new model was applied successfully to predict the viscosity of TiO2–Al2O3–CaO–SiO2 and TiO2–Al2O3–CaO–SiO2–MgO systems in the fully liquid condition with high TiO2 concentration and low basicity over a wide range of composition and temperature using one set of model parameters.