Ultrafast Phase Relaxation of Excitons via Exciton-Exciton and Exciton-Electron Collisions

Abstract

The ultrafast relaxation of excitons in GaAs, coherently excited by a short optical pulse and subjected to collisions with free carriers and noncoherent excitons which are independently created by a second synchronized light pulse, is studied directly in the time domain by a probing of the excitonic phase coherence. The relaxation rates reveal strong exciton-exciton scattering with a collision efficiency of 1.6 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$ ${\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ and even 10 times more efficient exciton-free-carrier scattering.