Does the behavioral “despair” test measure “despair”?

Depression: a new animal model sensitive to antidepressant treatments

Roger D. Porsolt, Manuel Pichon, M Jalfre · Nature · 1977 · 4.4K citations

Medicine, Neuroscience, Psychiatry +12

Behavioral depression produced by an uncontrollable stressor: Relationship to norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin levels in various regions of rat brain

Jay M. Weiss, Prudence A. Goodman, Barbara G. Losito et al. · Brain Research Reviews · 1981 · 666 citations

Life Sciences, Neurobiology, Neuroscience +17

Postsynaptic action by four antidepressive drugs in an animal model of depression

Haruo Nagayama, J.N. Hingtgen, M. H. Aprison · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · 1981 · 97 citations

Medicine, Neuroscience, Pharmacology +16

Escapability and generalization: Effect on ‘behavioral despair’

Katherine A. O'Neill, Dominic Valentino · European Journal of Pharmacology · 1982 · 57 citations

Social Sciences, Behavioral Sciences, Psychology +2

Randomization program for Apple IIe computer

Franco Borsini · Brain Research Bulletin · 1985 · 26 citations

Computing, Computer Science, Computer Systems +9