Outcomes in Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Dilated Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy Compared With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Data on the outcomes of ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) are insufficient. The Heart Center of Leipzig VT (HELP-VT) study was conducted prospectively to compare outcomes after radiofrequency catheter ablation of VT in patients with NIDCM compared with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). METHODS AND RESULTS: Two hundred twenty-seven patients, 63 with NIDCM and 164 with ICM, presenting with sustained VT were ablated with radiofrequency catheter ablation. Noninducibility of any clinical and nonclinical VT was achieved in 66.7% of NIDCM and in 77.4% of ICM patients. Ablation of the clinical VT only was achieved in 18.3% of ICM and in 22.2% of NIDCM patients. There was no statistically significant difference in short-term outcomes between the 2 groups. At the 1-year follow-up, VT-free survival in NIDCM was 40.5% compared with 57% in ICM. In univariate analysis, the hazard ratio for VT recurrence was significantly higher for NIDCM (1.62; 95% confidence interval, 1.12- 2.34; P=0.01). In both the ICM and NIDCM subgroups, procedure failure and incomplete procedural success were independent predictors of VT recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Although the short-term success rates after VT ablation in NIDCM and ICM patients were similar, the long-term outcomes in NIDCM patients were significantly worse. Complete VT noninducibility at the end of the ablation is associated with beneficial long-term outcome in NIDCM. Pursuing compete elimination of all inducible VTs is desirable and may improve the long-term success in NIDCM.