A Graph-based Ant System and its convergence

Ant system: optimization by a colony of cooperating agents

Marco Dorigo, Vittorio Maniezzo, A. Colorni · IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part B (Cybernetics) · 1996 · 11.9K citations

Computing, Computer Science, Algorithms +16

Ant colony system: a cooperative learning approach to the traveling salesman problem

Marco Dorigo, Luca Maria Gambardella · IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation · 1997 · 8K citations

Computing, Computer Science, Algorithms +16

Combinatorial Optimization: Algorithms and Complexity.

David Johnson, Christos H. Papadimitriou, Kenneth Steiglitz · American Mathematical Monthly · 1984 · 6.1K citations

Natural Sciences, Electrical Engineering, Mathematics +16

Tabu Search—Part II

Fred Glover · INFORMS Journal on Computing · 1990 · 5.6K citations

Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Algorithms +16

Tabu Search—Part I

Fred Glover · INFORMS Journal on Computing · 1989 · 5K citations

Natural Sciences, Computer Science, Algorithms +15