Intraperitoneal and Retroperitoneal Carbon Dioxide Insufflation Evoke Different Effects on Caval Vein Pressure Gradients in Humans

Abstract

Intraperitoneal but not retroperitoneal carbon dioxide insufflation evokes a transition of the abdominal venous compartment from a zone 3 to a zone 2 condition, presumably impairing venous return, supporting the Starling resistor concept of abdominal venous return in humans.