Physiological and Phenotypic Characteristics of Late Survivors of Tetralogy of Fallot Repair Who Are Free From Pulmonary Valve Replacement

Abstract

An important proportion of patients require PVR late after tetralogy of Fallot repair. Patients surviving to 35 years of age without PVR and with a normal exercise capacity may have had a definitive primary repair; their right ventricular outflow tracts are characterized by mild residual obstruction and pulmonary annulus diameter <0.5z.