Air-Stable Trialkylphosphonium Salts:  Simple, Practical, and Versatile Replacements for Air-Sensitive Trialkylphosphines. Applications in Stoichiometric and Catalytic Processes

Abstract

Trialkylphosphines furnish unusual, sometimes unique, reactivity in a range of transformations. Unfortunately, their utility is compromised by their sensitivity to oxidation. We have examined a simple but powerful strategy for addressing this problem: convert air-sensitive trialkylphosphines into air-stable phosphonium salts via protonation on phosphorus. These robust salts serve as direct replacements for the corresponding phosphines (simple deprotonation under the reaction conditions by a Brønsted base liberates the trialkylphosphine) in a diverse set of applications. [reaction: see text]