Persistence of <i>Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis</i> (<i>Bti</i>) in the environment induces resistance to multiple <i>Bti</i> toxins in mosquitoes

Abstract

Considering that resistance to Cry toxins might act as a first step to resistance to a complete Bti toxin mixture, the present results highlight the importance of testing each toxin individually in order accurately to monitor Bti toxin resistance evolution in field populations.