Vascular Disease and Serum Lipids in Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Article1 February 1963Vascular Disease and Serum Lipids in Diabetes MellitusObservations over Thirty Years (1931-1961)MARGARET J. ALBRINK, M.D., PAUL H. LAVIETES, M.D., EVELYN B. MAN, PH.D.MARGARET J. ALBRINK, M.D., PAUL H. LAVIETES, M.D., EVELYN B. MAN, PH.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-2-305 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe fortieth anniversary of the discovery of insulin has occasioned a summation of progress and a re-evaluation of the present state of knowledge of diabetes (1). The virtual elimination of diabetic acidosis as the major fatal complication of diabetes has been the most dramatic effect of insulin, but over the past 2 decades the realization has grown that insulin has not eliminated the vascular complications, but rather that these complications have replaced acidosis as the most frequent cause of death of diabetics.The present paper represents a survey of serum lipids of the New Haven, Connecticut, diabetic population seen in...References1. BANTINGBEST FGCH: The internal secretion of the pancreas. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 7: 251, 1922. Google Scholar2. MANPETERS EBJP: Lipoids of serum in diabetic acidosis. J. Clin. Invest. 13: 237, 1934. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. MANPETERS EBJP: Serum lipoids in diabetes. J. Clin. Invest. 14: 579, 1935. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. HARRISALBRINKVAN ECKMANPETERS LVMJWFEBJP: Serum lipids in diabetic acidosis. Metabolism 2: 120, 1953. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. ALBRINKMAN MJEB: Serum triglycerides in health and diabetes. Diabetes 7: 194, 1958. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. MANBETTCHERCAMERONPETER EBPGCMJP: Plasma α-amino acid nitrogen and serum lipids of surgical patients. J. Clin. Invest. 25: 701, 1946. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. PETERSMAN JPEB: The interrelations of serum lipids in patients with diseases of the kidneys. J. Clin. Invest. 22: 721, 1943. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. PETERSMAN JPEB: The interrelations of serum lipids in patients with thyroid disease. J. Clin. Invest. 22: 715, 1943. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9. MANKARTINDURLACHERPETERS EBBLSHJP: The lipids of serum and liver in patients with hepatic diseases. J. Clin. Invest. 24: 623, 1945. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar10. ALBRINKMEIGSMAN MJWEB: Serum lipids, hypertension, and coronary artery disease. Amer. J. Med. 31: 4, 1961. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar11. WARRENLECOMPTE SPM: The Pathology of Diabetes, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1959. Google Scholar12. HICKAMSIEKER JBHO: Retinal vascular reactivity in patients with diabetes mellitus and with atherosclerosis. Circulation 22: 243, 1960. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar13. WILLIAMS RH: Textbook of Endocrinology, W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 1962, p. 667. Google Scholar14. GOLDENBERGALEXJOSHIBLUMENTHAL SMRAHT: Nonatheromatous peripheral vascular disease of the lower extremities. Diabetes 8: 261, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar15. BLUMENTHALALEXGOLDENBERG HTMS: A study of lesions of the intramural coronary artery branches in diabetes mellitus. Arch. Path. 70: 13, 1960. Google Scholar16. JOSLINROOTWHITEMARBLE EPHFPA: The Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus, 10th Ed., Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1959. Google Scholar17. ALBRINK MJ: Microtitration of total fatty acids of serum, with notes on the estimation of triglycerides. J. Lipid Res. 1: 53, 1959. CrossrefGoogle Scholar18. MANPETERS EBJP: Gravimetric determination of serum cholesterol adapted to the Man and Gildea fatty acid method, with a note on the estimation of lipoid phosphorus. J. Biol. Chem. 101: 685, 1933. CrossrefGoogle Scholar19. ABELLLEVYBRODIEKENDALL LLBBBBFE: A simplified method for the estimation of total cholesterol in serum and demonstration of its specificity. J. Biol. Chem. 195: 357, 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar20. MANGILDEA EBEF: A modification of the Stoddard and Drury titrimetric method for the determination of the fatty acids in blood serum. J. Biol. Chem. 99: 43, 1932-33. CrossrefGoogle Scholar21. MANGILDEA EBEF: Notes on the extraction and saponification of lipids from blood and blood serum. J. Biol. Chem. 122: 77, 1937-38. CrossrefGoogle Scholar22. BENEDICT SR: The estimation of sugar in blood and normal urine. J. Biol. Chem. 68: 759, 1926. CrossrefGoogle Scholar23. NELSON N: A photometric adaptation of the Somogyi method for the determination of glucose. J. Biol. Chem. 153: 375, 1944. CrossrefGoogle Scholar24. Diabetes Guide Book for the Physician, American Diabetes Association, New York, 1950. Google Scholar25. LOWRYBORACH ADJH: Predictive values of lipoprotein and cholesterol determinations in diabetic patients who developed cardiovascular complications. Circulation 17: 14, 1958. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar26. ALBRINK MJ: Lipoprotein pattern as a function of total triglyceride concentration of serum. J. Clin. Invest. 40: 536, 1961. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar27. ADLERSBERGEISLER DL: Circulating lipids in diabetes mellitus. JAMA 170: 1261, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar28. SANDBERGMINFEINBERGBELLET HBSLS: I131 triolein tolerance curves in patients with diabetes mellitus. Arch. Intern. Med. 105: 866, 1960. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar29. MARKS HH: Current concepts in diabetes mellitus. Vital statistics. New York J. Med. 61: 602, 1961. MedlineGoogle Scholar30. ALBRINKMEIGSGRANOFF MJJWMA: Weight gain and serum triglycerides in normal men. N. Engl. J. Med. 266: 484, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar31. ANTONISBERSOHN AI: Serum triglyceride levels in South African Europeans and Bantu and in ischemic heart-disease. Lancet 1: 998, 1960. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar32. MORRIS JN: Epidemiological aspects of ischaemic heart disease, in Virology and Epidemiology, ed. by Horstmann, D. M., Archon Books, Hamden, Connecticut, 1962. Google Scholar33. KEYSKIMURAKUSUKAWABRONTE-STEWARTLARSENKEYS AAABNMH: Lessons from serum cholesterol studies in Japan, Hawaii and Los Angeles. Ann. Intern. Med. 48: 83, 1958. LinkGoogle Scholar34. HATCHABELLKENDALL FTLLFE: Effects of restriction of dietary fat and cholesterol upon serum lipids and lipoproteins in patients with hypertension. Amer. J. Med. 19: 48, 1955. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar35. ALLENSTILLMANFITZ FMER: Total Dietary Regulation in the Treatment of Diabetes, Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, 1919, Monograph 11. Google Scholar36. RABINOWITCH IM: Experiences with a high carbohydrate low calorie diet for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Canad. Med. Ass. J. 23: 489, 1930. MedlineGoogle Scholar37. SOMOGYI M: Exacerbation of diabetes by excess insulin action. Amer. J. Med. 26: 169, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar38. KOUCARSON PTJC: Dietary fats and the diurnal serum triglyceride levels in man. J. Clin. Invest. 38: 1384, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar39. ANTONISBERSOHN AI: The influence of diet on serum triglycerides. Lancet 2: 3, 1961. CrossrefGoogle Scholar40. NICHOLSDOBBINGOFMAN AVVJW: Influence of dietary factors upon human serum lipoprotein concentrations. Geriatrics 12: 7, 1957. MedlineGoogle Scholar41. BIERMANHAMLIN ELJT: The hyperlipidemic effect of a low-fat high carbohydrate diet in diabetic subjects. Diabetes 10: 132, 1961. CrossrefGoogle Scholar42. ALBRINKMAN MJEB: Serum triglycerides in coronary artery disease. Trans. Ass. Amer. Physicians 71: 162, 1958. MedlineGoogle Scholar43. AHRENSHIRSCHEOETTEFARQUHARSTEIN EHJAJWY: Carbohydrate-induced and fat-induced lipemia. Trans. Ass. Amer. Physicians 74: 134, 1961. MedlineGoogle Scholar44. VAN ECK WF: The effect of a low fat diet on the serum lipids in diabetes and its significance in diabetic retinopathy. Amer. J. Med. 27: 196, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar45. ALBRINK MJ: Triglycerides, lipoproteins, and coronary artery disease. Arch. Intern. Med. 109: 145, 1962. CrossrefGoogle Scholar46. ALBRINK MJ: Significance of triglycerides. J. Amer. Diet. Ass. In press. Google Scholar47. JOHNSSON S: Retinopathy and nephropathy in diabetes mellitus: comparison of the effects of two forms of treatment. Diabetes 9: 1, 1960. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar48. Build and Blood Pressure Study, 1959, Society of Actuaries, Chicago. Google Scholar49. GOFMAN JW: Diet in the prevention and treatment of myocardial infarction. Amer. J. Cardiol. 1: 271, 1958. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar50. JACKSON WP: A concept of diabetes. Lancet 2: 625, 1955. CrossrefGoogle Scholar51. ADLERSBERGWANG DC: Syndrome of idiopathic hyperlipemia, mild diabetes mellitus, and severe vascular damage. Diabetes 4: 210, 1955. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar52. AHRENSINSULLBLOMSTRANDHIRSCHTSALTOSPETERSON EHWRJTTML: The influence of dietary fats on serum lipid levels in man. Lancet 1: 943, 1957. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MARGARET J. ALBRINK, M.D.; PAUL H. LAVIETES, M.D.; EVELYN B. MAN, PH.D.Affiliations: Morgantown, West VirginiaFrom the Department of Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, and the Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine.This study was supported in part by grant H-6714, National Heart Institute, and grant A-392 CI-13, National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health.Presented in part before the Association of American Physicians, Atlantic City, New Jersey, May 1, 1962.Dr. Albrink is an Established Investigator of the American Heart Association.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Margaret J. Albrink, M.D., Department of Medicine, The School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byNegative Affect-Related Autonomic Arousal Mediates the Association Between Baroreflex Dysfunction and Insulin Resistance in Non-Diabetic Young AdultsEffect of Korean Red Ginseng treatment on the gene expression profile of diabetic rat retinaManagement of patients with diabetic hyperlipidemiaPerfil lipídico de la macroangiopatía diabética. Un enfoque metabólico-hemodinámicoAre predictors of coronary heart disease and lower-extremity arterial disease in type 1 diabetes the same?Determinants of retinopathy progression in type 1 diabetes mellitusInsulin Resistance and Dyslipidemia: Implications for Coronary Heart Disease RiskLipoprotein composition and serum apolipoproteins in normoglycaemic first-degree relatives of non-insulin dependent diabetic patientsThe possible role of copper ions in atherogenesis: the Blue JanusCholesterol Concentrations in Diabetic Patients in Nnewi, NigeriaCholesterol Rich apo B Containing Lipoproteins and Smoking are Independently Associated with Macrovascular Disease in Normotensive NIDDM PatientsDyslipidaemia in non-insulin dependent diabetes: the need for a clinical intervention trialRisk Factors for Atherosclerosis in Diabetes MellitusLipoprotein (a) and Microvascular Disease in Type 1 (Insulin-dependent) DiabetesThe role of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein in lipoprotein metabolismCardiovascular disease and arterial calcification in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: interrelations and risk factor profiles. Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study-V.Diabetes mellitusDietary Fructose as a Natural Sweetener in Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes: a 12-month Crossover Study of Effects on Glucose, Lipoprotein and Apolipoprotein MetabolismLipids, Diabetes, and Vascular Disease: The Time to ActCholesterol-lowering effect of N-(α-methylbenzyl) linoleamide (melinamide) in cholesterol-fed diabetic ratsHaemostatic variables, serum lipid abnormalities and vascular complications in diabetes mellitus: a 5 year follow-up studyHyperinsulinemia is characterized by jointly disturbed plasma VLDL, LDL, and HDL levels. A population-based study.Increased plasma apolipoprotein B levels and blood hyperviscosity in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients: Role in the occurrence of arterial hypertensionIntegrated study of low density lipoprotein metabolism and very low density lipoprotein metabolism in non-insulin-dependent diabetesDiabetes and atherosclerosis: An epidemiologic viewDie Glukosetoleranz und der Diabetes mellitus im AlterSex Differences in the Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Lipoprotein Triglyceride and Cholesterol ConcentrationsLipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in type 1 (insulin-dependent) and type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitusPlasma and lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride in the Pima Indian population. Comparison of diabetics and nondiabetics.Correlations of aortic histology with gross aortic atherosclerosis and metabolic measurements in diabetic and nondiabetic Macaca nigraApolipoproteins (A-I, A-II, B), Lp(a) lipoprotein and lecithin: Cholesterol acyltransferase activity in diabetes mellitusHemoglobin A1 correlates with the ratio of low- to high- density-lipoprotein cholesterol in normal weight type II diabeticsEffect of bezafibrate on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins AI, AII and B and LCAT activity in hyperlipidemic, non-insulin-dependent diabeticsBeziehungen zwischen Lipidstoffwechsel und glycosylierten Hämoglobinen beim juvenilen Diabetes mellitusChlorpropamide-alcohol flushing in non insulin-dependent diabetes: Prevalence of small and large vessel disease and of risk factors for angiopathyFatty acid and glucose incorporation into human adipose tissue in non-insulin-dependent diabetes and in insulinomaBefunde zur Pathogenese sekundärer HyperlipoproteinämienRisk factors for atherosclerosis in diabetesThe acute effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on rat liver glycerolipid biosynthesisHow high the carbohydrate?GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN (HbA tc ) AND PLASMA LIPOPROTEINS IN JUVENILE ONSET DIABETES MELLITUSMetabolic Control of Diabetes Mellitus during Routine Management at an Out-Patient DepartmentThe Present Problems of Diabetes Mellitus as a Social Disease with Special Reference to RomaniaEffect of carbohydrate restriction on lipoprotein abnormalities in maturity-onset diabetes mellitusClofibrate in insulin-dependent diabetesChanges in plasma lipoproteins accompanying diet therapy in obese diabeticsAortic atherosclerosis in normal and spontaneously diabetic Macaca nigraLipid metabolism in diabetes mellitusThe effects of chlorpropamide and insulin on serum lipids, lipoproteins and fractional triglyceride removalLipoprotein composition in diabetes mellitusBile acid pool changes and regulation of cholate synthesis in experimental diabetesDiätetische TherapieDiabetes mellitus und HyperlipoproteinämieHormonal Regulation of Cholesterol SynthesisBody fat: Its relationship to coronary heart disease, blood pressure, lipids and other risk factors measured in a large male populationMyocardial infarction in the familial forms of hypertriglyceridemiaHyperlipidämien (Hyperlipoproteinämien) bei Diabetes mellitusDiabetes Mellitus and HyperlipidemiasDiabetes and the heartCare of the Diabetic AdolescentPLASMA-LIPIDS AND GLUCOSE/INSULIN RELATIONSHIP IN NON-INSULIN-REQUIRING DIABETICS WITH AND WITHOUT RETINOPATHYEffect of insulin on the proliferation of cultured primate arterial smooth muscle cells.Mechanisms of HyperlipidemiaBlood lipids in treated diabeticsInter-relationship between insulin secretion and plasma free fatty acid and triglyceride transport kinetics in maturity onset diabetes and the effect of phenethylbiguanide (Phenformin)The PancreasInsulin, Glucose and Lipid Levels in Mild Diabetics in Relation to ComplicationsSome chemical indices of diabetic vascular diseaseAlterazioni lipidemiche nel diabete mellitoPlasma Triglyceride and Fatty Acid Metabolism in Diabetes mellitusHormones and lipid metabolismLipid metabolism in prediabeticsPLASMA LIPOPROTEEINS IN ADULT DIABETESThe role of endogenous insulin in different hyperlipidemic statesDietary Carbohydrate: Triglyceride Interrelationships in ManDietary Therapy and Prophylaxis of Vascular Disease in DiabeticsSerum cholesterol and triglycerides during mild glucose intoleranceSERUM INSULIN, GLUCOSE, AND LIPID LEVELS AMONG MILD DIABETICS IN RELATION TO INCIDENCE OF VASCULAR COMPLICATIONSInsulin-Independent Diabetes MellitusLipids and Lipoproteins in Diabetes mellitus in ManDiabetes mellitus und HyperlipämieDiätbehandlung des Diabetes mellitusDiet Therapy of Diabetes MellitusLipidstoffwechsel und ArteriosklerosePlatelet adhesiveness, plasma fibrinogen and factor VIII levels in diabetes mellitusLipoproteins in Diabetes: Risk and OpportunityMetabolic Considerations in the Treatment of Juvenile Diabetes MellitusExperimental Atherosclerosis and the PeriodontiumINSULIN AND ATHEROMAControl of Plasma and Liver Triglyceride Kinetics by Carbohydrate Metabolism and InsulinCarbohydrate Intolerance and LipemiaEDWIN L. BIERMAN, M.D., F.A.C.P., DANIEL PORTE JR., M.D.Dietary and Other Factors Which Influence Serum LipidsAssociazione di iperlipemia, diabete mellito e obesita' di medio gradoWeight Gain, Serum Lipids, and Vascular Disease in DiabeticsDietetic Analysis and Blood Lipids, Chemical and Isotopic Studies in Vascular Disease Among Indian DiabeticsThe Exercise Test in Diabetic Patients as Studied by RadioelectrocardiographyDie BBC-StudieHautveränderungen bei inneren ErkrankungenLipoprotein TransportLipoprotein TransportOverweight and triglyceride level in normal persons and patients with diabetes mellitusInsulin resistance in hyperglyceridemiaEpidemiology of diabetes mellitus in JapanEpidemiology of Coronary Disease in Industrial WorkersThe Rediscovery of Regular InsulinSerum Lipids and Glucose Tolerance in Subjects with a Family History of Diabetes MellitusInterrelationship Between Skinfold Thickness, Serum Lipids and Blood Sugar in Normal MenSul comportamento di alcune frazioni lipidiche (colesterolo, trigliceridi e NEFA) in soggetti affetti da diabete senile compensatoLipid, Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels in Obese Women 1 February 1963Volume 58, Issue 2Page: 305-323KeywordsAtherosclerosisAttentionCholesterolIngestionInsulinLipidsMetabolic disordersRetinitisVascular diseasesVascular medicine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1963 PDF downloadLoading ...