Spatial-mode storage in a gradient-echo memory

Abstract

Three-level atomic gradient echo memory ($\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-GEM) is a proposed candidate for efficient quantum storage and for linear optical quantum computation with time-bin multiplexing [Hosseini et al., Nature (London) 461, 241 (2009)]. In this paper we investigate the spatial multimode properties of a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-GEM system. Using a high-speed triggered CCD, we demonstrate the storage of complex spatial modes and images. We also present an in-principle demonstration of spatial multiplexing by showing selective recall of spatial elements of a stored spin wave. Using our measurements, we consider the effect of diffusion within the atomic vapor and investigate its role in spatial decoherence. Our measurements allow us to quantify the spatial distortion due to both diffusion and inhomogeneous control field scattering and compare these to theoretical models.