Geochemical features of the quaternary lamproitic lavas of Gaussberg Volcano, East Antarctica: Result of the impact of the Kerguelen plume

Abstract

Petrological-geochemical data were obtained on the lamproites of the Gaussberg Volcano located at the eastern Antarctic coast and compared with data on the magmatic rocks developed in the East Antarctica and Indian Ocean in relation with the Kerguelen plume. It was shown that the lamproites were derived from the ancient Gondwana lithosphere repeatedly modified at the early stages of its evolution, including significant enrichment in volatiles, lithophile elements, and radiogenic Sr and Pb isotopes. The Gaussberg Volcano located on the eastern Antarctic continental margin falls in the distribution field of the Kerguelen plume, which formed 130 Ma within the incipient Indian Ocean and is continuing to operate at present, forming volcanic rocks of Heard Island in the last ka. Manifestations of alkaline magmatism at the Antarctic margin around 56 ka (Mt. Gaussberg) indicate a sublithospheric spreading of mantle plume in the southwestern direction.