Clinicopathological Profile, Airway Management, and Outcome in Huge Multinodular Goiters: An Institutional Experience from an Endemic Goiter Region

Abstract

Long-standing huge goiters are common in iodine-deficient endemic areas. The majority of patients have symptomatic or clinicoradiological evidence of airway involvement. The incidence of RSE, airway deformity, intubation difficulty, and tracheomalacia is high with huge goiters. The surgery is technically demanding with greater associated chances of injury to native structures. Malignancy influences the presentation and outcome in smaller goiters. In centers with experienced endocrine surgeons and dedicated anesthetists, huge goiters can be successfully managed with minimal short-term and long-term morbidity.