Elevated synovial fluid levels of interleukin‐6 and tumor necrosis factor associated with early experimental canine osteoarthritis

Abstract

This is the first study of SF levels of cytokines in early experimental OA. Our results show surprisingly high levels of IL-6 in operated joints, where the cytokine could act directly on the chondrocytes, and thus play a role in mediating their responses to cartilage injury.