Giant thermo-emf in multiterminal superconductor/normal-metal mesoscopic structures

Abstract

We considered a mesoscopic superconductor/normal-metal (S/N) structure in which the N reservoirs are maintained at different temperatures. It is shown that in the absence of current between the N reservoirs a voltage difference ${V}_{T}$ arises between the superconducting and normal conductors. The voltage ${V}_{T}$ oscillates with increasing phase difference $\ensuremath{\varphi}$ between the superconductors, and its magnitude does not depend on the small parameter $(T/{\ensuremath{\epsilon}}_{F}).$