Combined Use of F‐18 Fluorocholine Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Brain Tumor Evaluation

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Choline metabolism is often abnormal in malignant brain tumors. METHODS: Brain positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with F-18 fluorocholine (FCH) was performed on 2 patients with intracranial lesions suspected to be high-grade malignant gliomas on the basis of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and multivoxel 1H-MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) findings. Standardized uptake value (SUV) measurements on PET were compared with measurements of choline/creatine metabolite ratio on MRSI in corresponding regions. Brain biopsy revealed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) in one case and demyelinating disease in the other. RESULTS: In the case of GBM, the tumor demonstrated increased FCH uptake on PET. The mean and maximum SUV in areas of the tumor correlated with regional choline/creatine ratio measurements (r = 0.76, P < .001; r = 0.83, P < .001, respectively). In the case of tumefactive demyelinating lesions, the lesion demonstrated low FCH uptake, which did not correlate with choline/creatine ratio measurements. CONCLUSIONS: Assessments of choline metabolism may aid in evaluating intracranial mass lesions.