Satellite observation of chlorophyll and nutrients increase induced by Typhoon Megi in the Japan/East Sea

Abstract

Remotely‐sensed sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll data were used to assess the biological response to the Typhoon Megi in the Japan/East Sea (JES). Mean SST from in situ measurements and satellite data decreased by about 2–4°C in the JES after Typhoon Megi. Mean concentration of MODIS chlorophyll in the post–typhoon period increased by about 70% along the typhoon passage. The cold, nutrient‐rich waters entrained into the surface layer lead to an enhancement of phytoplankton growth. Typhoon‐induced variability of nitrate, phosphate, and silicate at the sea surface of the JES were derived from the MODIS SST using a nutrient‐temperature relationship based on in situ measurements. After the passage of the typhoon, there were increases in NO 3 , PO 4 , and SiO 2 by about 90%, 40%, and 35%, respectively. The nutrient flux brought into the surface water by the storm‐induced mixing has the potential to support new production.