Annals of Nuclear Medicine · 2014 · 41 citations · 27 references
Functional imaging with V/P SPECT enables standardized grading of airway obstruction as well as reduced lung function, both of which correlate with GOLD stage. V/P SPECT shows that long-term smokers in most cases have signs of ventilatory impairment and airway obstruction not shown by spirometry.
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The Nature of Small-Airway Obstruction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
James C. Hogg, Fanny Chu, Soraya Utokaparch et al. · New England Journal of Medicine · 2004 · 3.7K citations · Full text