The next release problem

Optimization by Simulated Annealing

Scott Kirkpatrick, C. D. Gelatt, M.P. Vecchi · Science · 1983 · 44.6K citations

Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Algorithms +10

Equation of State Calculations by Fast Computing Machines

N. Metropolis, Arianna W. Rosenbluth, M. N. Rosenbluth et al. · The Journal of Chemical Physics · 1953 · 37.1K citations

Computing, Computer Engineering, Computer Science +9

Ant system: optimization by a colony of cooperating agents

Marco Dorigo, Vittorio Maniezzo, A. Colorni · IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part B (Cybernetics) · 1996 · 11.9K citations

Computing, Computer Science, Algorithms +16

Tabu Search—Part II

Fred Glover · INFORMS Journal on Computing · 1990 · 5.6K citations

Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Algorithms +16

Tabu Search—Part I

Fred Glover · INFORMS Journal on Computing · 1989 · 5K citations

Natural Sciences, Computer Science, Algorithms +15