Globalization and Support for National Cultural Protectionism from a Cross-National Perspective

Abstract

This study answers the question to what extent support for national cultural protectionism differs between countries, and to what extent differences between countries are related to levels of globalization. We propose that globalization processes affect people 0 s support of cultural protectionism, both by a diversification view on globalization, that is, larger supply of goods, and by a nationalistic interpretation, that is, a threat to the nation and rising nationalism. National cultural protectionism of 27,725 respondents from 23 countries is analyzed (International Social Survey Programme data). Multi-level analyses show that globalization affects cultural protectionism negatively, providing support for the diversification interpretation. However, the positive indirect effect of globalization on cultural protectionism via chauvinism and cultural patriotism provides evidence for the nationalistic interpretation.